https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/Head
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/assertion
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/provenance
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/pubinfo
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type
http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/assertion
https://w3id.org/np/RAFLpeYlxZhB9-zCggp2aSKSjR0zfRR5SdR3ye_7Y02IA/faq-entry
http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf
https://w3id.org/spaces/nanopub/r/faq
https://w3id.org/np/RAFLpeYlxZhB9-zCggp2aSKSjR0zfRR5SdR3ye_7Y02IA/faq-entry
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type
http://schema.org/Question
https://w3id.org/np/RAFLpeYlxZhB9-zCggp2aSKSjR0zfRR5SdR3ye_7Y02IA/faq-entry
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
How should nanopublications be cited?
https://w3id.org/np/RAFLpeYlxZhB9-zCggp2aSKSjR0zfRR5SdR3ye_7Y02IA/faq-entry
https://w3id.org/kpxl/gen/terms/hasContent
<p>Every nanopublication has a globally unique, content-based <a href="https://trustyuri.net/">Trusty URI</a>, made persistently resolvable through <a href="https://w3id.org/">w3id.org</a> (for example, <code>https://w3id.org/np/RA...</code>). This URI is the canonical citation: it permanently identifies the exact, immutable content of the nanopublication, can be verified by anyone who retrieves it, and resolves to a viewable rendering.
When listing a nanopublication in a reference list, treat the trusty URI as the URL and use the metadata from the publication info for the rest: <code>dct:creator</code> (typically an ORCID) for the author, <code>rdfs:label</code> for the title, and <code>dct:created</code> for the date. Because the trusty URI is immutable, no version, hash, or access date is needed — even if the nanopublication is later superseded or retracted, the citation still points unambiguously at the original version.
For example, the nanopublication at <a href="https://w3id.org/np/RAiBSheuO17iqJacTs9aSeK3k80vf4BswE5BNQ-UR9MG0">https://w3id.org/np/RAiBSheuO17iqJacTs9aSeK3k80vf4BswE5BNQ-UR9MG0</a> could be cited as:</p>
<p>Kuhn, T. (2026). <em>Night train to Vienna</em> [nanopublication]. <a href="https://w3id.org/np/RAiBSheuO17iqJacTs9aSeK3k80vf4BswE5BNQ-UR9MG0">https://w3id.org/np/RAiBSheuO17iqJacTs9aSeK3k80vf4BswE5BNQ-UR9MG0</a></p>
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/provenance
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/assertion
http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom
https://w3id.org/np/RAFLpeYlxZhB9-zCggp2aSKSjR0zfRR5SdR3ye_7Y02IA
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/pubinfo
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://purl.org/dc/terms/created
2026-05-11T08:25:38Z
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-0234
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://purl.org/dc/terms/license
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces
https://w3id.org/np/RAFLpeYlxZhB9-zCggp2aSKSjR0zfRR5SdR3ye_7Y02IA/faq-entry
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
FAQ: How should nanopublications be cited?
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromProvenanceTemplate
https://w3id.org/np/RAcTpoh5Ra0ssqmcpOgWdaZ_YiPE6demO6cpw-2RvSNs8
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate
https://w3id.org/np/RACJ58Gvyn91LqCKIO9zu1eijDQIeEff28iyDrJgjSJF8
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate
https://w3id.org/np/RAoTD7udB2KtUuOuAe74tJi1t3VzK0DyWS7rYVAq1GRvw
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromPubinfoTemplate
https://w3id.org/np/RAukAcWHRDlkqxk7H2XNSegc1WnHI569INvNr-xdptDGI
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
https://w3id.org/np/o/ntemplate/wasCreatedFromTemplate
https://w3id.org/np/RAWVrrZFodmZwbu78C0jwIcbdPo-GKNsXI5N1Ckroo_u4
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/sig
http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm
RSA
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/sig
http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCwUtewGCpT5vIfXYE1bmf/Uqu1ojqnWdYxv+ySO80ul8Gu7m8KoyPAwuvaPj0lvPtHrg000qMmkxzKhYknEjq8v7EerxZNYp5B3/3+5ZpuWOYAs78UnQVjbHSmDdmryr4D4VvvNIiUmd0yxci47dTFUj4DvfHnGd6hVe5+goqdcwIDAQAB
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/sig
http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature
L7iFaRAu0/ZIActvqFqfH6EXv0fU2qKLPrOhT7QHcBKI4OTQSdrbXBA3wOCl5KAZH2ulS2svrkROEn7I2/EZ3X9YIImtmtKa8tmqwKDuWc/+qZ82q0/rAUUQ18xXjwUAdQDxdZtO196/8mvaXvBk58tKfnK0patav7GmG8q8m3U=
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/sig
http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c
https://w3id.org/np/RAA1EPMoSVtJ5OFVPH8ahP6r1GccdzN_8u-yYQoRgy01c/sig
http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-0234