Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution
has assertion: assertion
has provenance: provenance
has publication info: pubinfo
type: Nanopublication
created: 2026-05-11T16:42:51.604+02:00
creator: RoCrateBot
type: FAIRDigitalObject
type: RoCrateNanopub

Ecology
type: DefinedTerm

Generation Service
type: Agent
type: Person

NATL CENTRE MARINE RESEARCH
type: organization

bibliographic reference
type: Concept

CNR-ISMAR
type: organization

European Union
type: Organization

Mediterranean Sea
type: Place

framework directive
type: Expression

hydrography
type: Domain

Mediterranean Sea
type: Concept

species in the Mediterranean Sea
type: Expression

species
type: Concept

EMED
type: Lemma
norm score: 7.176470588235294
score: 6.1

https://w3id.org/ro-id/091c2259-7dac-42d1-a433-651d6ca0ba46
name: A total of 955 alien species is known in the Mediterranean, the vast majority of them having being introduced in the EMED (718), less in the WMED (328) and CMED (267) and least in the Adriatic (171). Of these, 535 species (56%) are established in at least one area.
type: Sentence
norm score: 18.012422360248447
score: 17.4

Mediterranean Sea
type: Concept
norm score: 11.134751773049645
score: 15.7

part I. Spatial distribution
type: Phrase
norm score: 14.012738853503185
score: 13.2

thermophilic species
type: Phrase
norm score: 9.341825902335458
score: 8.8

Dec-2010
type: TimeReference

service-account-enrichment
type: Agent

Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution
performs task: bibliographic reference
about: Ecology
content size: 5827
contributor: Generation Service
copyright holder: NATL CENTRE MARINE RESEARCH
creator: Generation Service
date created: 2018-06-20 11:23:06.880000+00:00
date modified: 2025-03-05 00:46:15.461195+00:00
date published: 2018-06-20 11:23:06.880000+00:00
description: The state-of-art on alien species in the Mediterranean Sea is presented, making distinctions among the four subregions defined in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive: (i) the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMED); (ii) the Central Mediterranean Sea (CMED); (iii) the Adriatic Sea (ADRIA); and (iv) the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMED). The updated checklist (December 2010) of marine alien species within each subregion, along with their acclimatization status and origin, is provided. A total of 955 alien species is known in the Mediterranean, the vast majority of them having being introduced in the EMED (718), less in the WMED (328) and CMED (267) and least in the Adriatic (171). Of these, 535 species (56%) are established in at least one area. Despite the collective effort of experts who attempted in this work, the number of introduced species remains probably underestimated. Excluding microalgae, for which knowledge is still insufficient, aliens have increased the total species richness of the Mediterranean Sea by 5.9%. This figure should not be directly read as an indication of higher biodiversity, as spreading of so many aliens within the basin is possibly causing biotic homogenization. Thermophilic species, i.e. Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Tropical Atlantic, Tropical Pacific, and circum(sub)tropical, account for 88.4% of the introduced species in the EMED, 72.8% in the CMED, 59.3% in the WMED and 56.1% in the Adriatic. Cold water species, i.e. circumboreal, N Atlantic, and N Pacific, make up a small percentage of the introduced species, ranging between 4.2% and 21.6% and being more numerous in the Adriatic and less so in the EMED. Species that are classified as invasive or potentially invasive are 134 in the whole of the Mediterranean: 108 are present in the EMED, 75 in the CMED, 53 in the Adriatic and 64 in the WMED. The WMED hosts most invasive macrophytes, whereas the EMED has the lion's share in polychaetes, crustaceans, molluscs and fish.
encoding format: application/ld+json
end time: 2010-12-01
license: no-permission
distribution category: Open access
type: ResearchObject
type: LiveRO
type: Dataset
type: BibliographyResearchObject
generated at time: 2010-12-01
domain: hydrography
domain: biology
domain: zoology
domain: ecology
organization: European Union
place: Atlantic Ocean
place: Mediterranean Sea
place: Adriatic Sea
place: Indian Ocean
place: Eastern Mediterranean
place: Red Sea
place: Western Mediterranean
concept: Mediterranean Sea
concept: subregion
concept: Indian Ocean
concept: European Union
concept: alien
concept: Western Mediterranean
concept: Adriatic Sea
concept: species
concept: Red Sea
field of research: environmental science and management
field of research: environmental sciences
IPTC: Invasive species
IPTC: Animal
IPTC: Biology
IPTC: Military equipment
lemma: EMED
lemma: Adriatic Sea
lemma: alien species
lemma: Mediterranean Sea

water species
type: Phrase
norm score: 7.537154989384288
score: 7.1

subregion
type: Concept
norm score: 3.8297872340425534
score: 5.4

Indian Ocean
type: Concept
norm score: 3.1205673758865253
score: 4.4

whole of the Mediterranean
type: Phrase
norm score: 9.235668789808916
score: 8.7

hydrography
type: Domain
norm score: 32.862190812720854
score: 9.3

environmental science and management
type: FieldOfResearch
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.988377034664154

Atlantic Ocean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97

Invasive species
type: IPTC
path: Environment/Nature/Invasive species

Mediterranean Sea
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4918

Adriatic Sea
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13924

Mediterranean Sea
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4918

European Union
type: Concept
norm score: 4.326241134751773
score: 6.1

Animal
type: IPTC
path: Human interest/Animal

alien
type: Concept
norm score: 2.765957446808511
score: 3.9

life sciences (general)
type: NASA
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.23536542057991028

biology
type: Domain
norm score: 10.247349823321555
score: 2.9

Western Mediterranean
type: Concept
norm score: 2.907801418439716
score: 4.1

https://w3id.org/ro-id/3cf3a6a8-3ae4-4c87-b0a8-d421955ca761
name: Thermophilic species, i.e. Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Tropical Atlantic, Tropical Pacific, and circum(sub)tropical, account for 88.4% of the introduced species in the EMED, 72.8% in the CMED, 59.3% in the WMED and 56.1% in the Adriatic.
type: Sentence
norm score: 17.28778467908903
score: 16.7

environmental sciences
type: FieldOfResearch
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.988377034664154

Adriatic Sea
type: Concept
norm score: 8.51063829787234
score: 12.0

https://w3id.org/ro-id/45105e91-8519-4a1c-82bd-b8d27b42c645
name: A total of 955 alien species is known in the Mediterranean, the vast majority of them having being introduced in the EMED (718), less in the WMED (328) and CMED (267) and least in the Adriatic (171). Of these, 535 species (56%) are established in at least one area.
type: Sentence
norm score: 17.80538302277433
score: 17.2

whole of the Mediterranean
type: Phrase
norm score: 8.81104033970276
score: 8.3

EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive
type: Phrase
norm score: 8.174097664543524
score: 7.7

Species that are classified as invasive or potentially invasive are 134 in the whole of the Mediterranean: 108 are present in the EMED, 75 in the CMED, 53 in the Adriatic and 64 in the WMED.
type: Sentence
norm score: 14.803312629399587
score: 14.3

life sciences
type: NASA
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.23536542057991028

Invasive species
type: IPTC
path: Environment/Nature/Invasive species

https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e66a151-3f30-41aa-b1f1-beb3f5e38d4f
name: Thermophilic species, i.e. Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Tropical Atlantic, Tropical Pacific, and circum(sub)tropical, account for 88.4% of the introduced species in the EMED, 72.8% in the CMED, 59.3% in the WMED and 56.1% in the Adriatic.
type: Sentence
norm score: 17.18426501035197
score: 16.6

Indian Ocean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239

Atlantic Ocean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97

life sciences (general)
type: NASA
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.23536542057991028

species
type: Concept
norm score: 7.588652482269503
score: 10.7

life sciences
type: NASA
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.23536542057991028

Biology
type: IPTC
path: Science and technology/Natural science/Biology

Adriatic Sea
type: Lemma
norm score: 10.705882352941176
score: 9.1

introduced species
type: Phrase
norm score: 12.526539278131635
score: 11.8

EMED
type: Lemma
norm score: 7.176470588235294
score: 6.1

European Union
type: Concept
norm score: 4.468085106382978
score: 6.3

Military equipment
type: IPTC
path: Politics/Government/Defence/Military equipment

Indian Ocean
type: Phrase
norm score: 9.129511677282377
score: 8.6

hydrography
type: Domain
norm score: 19.78798586572438
score: 5.6

biology
type: Domain
norm score: 10.954063604240282
score: 3.1

thermophilic species
type: Phrase
norm score: 9.023354564755838
score: 8.5

environmental science and management
type: FieldOfResearch
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.988377034664154

Eastern Mediterranean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3301962

subregion
type: Concept
norm score: 3.7588652482269502
score: 5.3

alien species
type: Lemma
norm score: 6.470588235294118
score: 5.5

introduced species
type: Phrase
norm score: 12.208067940552016
score: 11.5

Mediterranean Sea
type: Concept
norm score: 11.134751773049645
score: 15.7

Biology
type: IPTC
path: Science and technology/Natural science/Biology

species
type: Concept
norm score: 7.588652482269503
score: 10.7

Mediterranean Sea
type: Lemma
norm score: 14.117647058823529
score: 12.0

zoology
type: Domain
norm score: 10.954063604240282
score: 3.1

Species that are classified as invasive or potentially invasive are 134 in the whole of the Mediterranean: 108 are present in the EMED, 75 in the CMED, 53 in the Adriatic and 64 in the WMED.
type: Sentence
norm score: 14.906832298136647
score: 14.4

Western Mediterranean
type: Concept
norm score: 2.978723404255319
score: 4.2

Dec-2010
type: TimeReference

Red Sea
type: Concept
norm score: 3.6879432624113475
score: 5.2

Mediterranean Sea
type: Lemma
norm score: 14.0
score: 11.9

species
type: Concept
norm score: 2.127659574468085
score: 3.0

Military equipment
type: IPTC
path: Politics/Government/Defence/Military equipment

European Union
type: Lemma
norm score: 5.529411764705882
score: 4.7

Marine Strategy Framework Directive
type: Lemma
norm score: 5.0588235294117645
score: 4.3

Adriatic Sea
type: Lemma
norm score: 10.705882352941176
score: 9.1

Animal
type: IPTC
path: Human interest/Animal

by 2010
type: TimeReference

Indian Ocean
type: Concept
norm score: 3.1205673758865253
score: 4.4

Red Sea
type: Concept
norm score: 3.6170212765957444
score: 5.1

Adriatic Sea
type: Concept
norm score: 8.439716312056738
score: 11.9

European Union
type: Organization
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458

alien
type: Concept
norm score: 2.765957446808511
score: 3.9

species
type: Lemma
norm score: 9.529411764705882
score: 8.1

environmental sciences
type: FieldOfResearch
norm score: 50.0
score: 0.988377034664154

European Union
type: Organization
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458

by 2010
type: TimeReference

Red Sea
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23406

Western Mediterranean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4918

species
type: Lemma
norm score: 9.529411764705882
score: 8.1

Red Sea
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23406

ecology
type: Domain
norm score: 6.007067137809187
score: 1.7

Eastern Mediterranean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3301962

Indian Ocean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239

Western Mediterranean
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4918

Adriatic Sea
type: Place
wikidata: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13924

zoology
type: Domain
norm score: 9.187279151943462
score: 2.6

service-account-generation-service
type: Agent

sig
has algorithm: RSA
signed by: RoCrateBot