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Once published, a nanopublication cannot be edited, and it cannot be deleted from the network either. The address is tied to the content, and copies spread to several servers as soon as it is published.

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Instead of editing, one publishes a new version that supersedes the old one, and instead of deleting, one publishes a retraction. Both leave the original in place but tell every tool to treat it as outdated. This is what makes a nanopublication citable: what was cited stays exactly as it was, even after its author has moved on.

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